MORPHOLOGY
Lexicology - the study of the form, meaning and behaviour of words
Morphemes are parts of words broken up by meaning,
Syllables are parts of words broken up by sound.
Free morphemes are morphemes that can exist independently as individual words. These are typically root or base words, like the free morpheme comfort.
Bound morphemes are morphemes that cannot exist independently and must be used together with a base word. These are typically affixes—prefixes or suffixes—like the bound morphemes un- and –able in the word uncomfortable.
Bound morphemes are further divided into two subtypes: Derivational and Inflectional morphemes.
Affix- a letter or group of letters added to the begging or end of a word to change its meaning.
af- to , fix- to fasten / to attach
Antidisestablishmentarianism
Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokoniosis
Hexakosioihexakontahexaphobia- fear of 666
hexakosioi- 600
hexakonta-60
hexa-6
Prefix- something fasten before a work
in/ ir/ dis/ im....... (not)
suffix- something fasten behind a word
.......or/er (noun) - doer
........ance/ence (noun) - state of
....ive (adj) related to;belonging to; of the nature
......ity (noun)- state
.......ate (verb)- to make; cause
........en (noun) - to make; to cause ; to put
......able(adj)- belonging to
........ist (noun) - person / agent
Infix- something fasten middle a word (in - middle, fix to fasten attach)
Circumfix- attach to both the beginning and the end of a word.
Etymology - the study of true meaning
etym- true meaning
o-of
logy- study
avoid confusion
biannual- occurring twice a year
biennial- occurring once every two years
anniversary- a date observed once a year
millennium- 1000 years
bi- two
ann- year
enn- years
Amnesia - loss of memory
A- not
mne - mind
Analgesic - a drug that relieves pain , pain killer
a- not
alg-pain
Apnea- A condition in which somebody stops breahing temporarily
A - not
phea - breathing
Atheist - one who does not believe in god
A - not
the - god
Retroflex - turn backward
retro - back
flex - to bend
Crematorium - a place where bodies of dead people are burned.
cremat - burn
orium - a place for
Epigraph - words written on a statue , monuments, building.
epi- on, graph - writing
Prerogative- a right or previlege exclusive to particular individual or class.
pre- before; roga - to ask
Dysgenics - generate bad quality of offspring
dys-bad; gen- generate; ics- study or science
Synchronize - to happen at the sametime
syn- together with; chron - time; ize- to become / make
chronology- the order in which events events happed
chron- time; o - of ; logy; study
Dysphoria- a state of disfunction or ill being
dys- bad; phor- state
Euphoria- a state of well being
eu- good; phor- state
Dyspnea- difficult in breathing
dys- difficult; pnea- breathing
Dystopia- a place where everything is bad
dys- bad; topos- place
Eutopia- a place whereeverything is good as it can be
eu- good; topos- place
Somnambulant- walking or having the habit of walking while sleeping
somn- to sleep; ambul- to walk
Dissection- to cut apart, as a plant, animal body etc for examination.
dis- apart from; sect- to cut
Bisect- to cut into two part
bi-two; sect- to cut
Retroflex- turn backward
Retro- back; flex- to bend
Tractor -
Intractable - no easy to managed , contrlled,
Abstract - (abs - away tract - to draw)
Attract - (At - to; tract - to pull)
Contract -
Detract - (de- down or decrease ; tract- to pull)
Detractors - (de- down; ) criticiser
Distract - ( dis-away)
Extract- (ex- out) - to pull out or remove forcibly
Protect (pro- forward) - to pull forward in time , space
Subtract - (sub- below / under )
Traction - the action or condition of drawing or pulling sth over a surface, epecially a road
Abysmal- (a- without; byss- bottom) - Extreamly or hopelessly bad
Abyss -hole that seems no bottom
Acarpous ( carp- fruit) - no producing fruit; sterile S- barren ; fruitless
Acephalous (cephal- head) - Having differetiable head, having no leader on ruler
Adamant - ( daman - to tame ) - refusing to be persuaded or to change one's mind ; S-Determine
Ali, allo, alter - other
Alias - An assumed name , usually to escape the law.
Alibi (bi-two)- proof of being elsewhere at the time of a crime
Alienable - can be change or transferd to another
Inalienable- (in - not)- can not be taken away.
Alienist -(ist- person or agent)- one who treats diseases of the mind ; a psychiatrist
Allogamy- (gamy- marriage)- reproduction by cross fertilization
Alienate- to transfer to another ; to estrange
Alienation- the act of transferring to another; ; feeling of seperation
Allograph - ther signing of another's name; forgery
Allotyical- relating to other types
Ad- to/ towards
Adaptable - is able to fit in ; pliable
Addict - one who is given over to a habit; often drugs
Adequate- (equate - =) sufficient
Adhere - believe in and follow the practices of
Adjacent - lying near; side by side
Adjunct (junct- join)- the thing joined to another
Admire (mir- wonder) - regard with respect or warm approval.
Adulterate - to change to an impure quality ; asto put sand in the cement
Advance- (ance- state) - to go forward
Advantage - a favourable condition
